---
url: https://next.zammad.org/it/get-started/host-upgrade-repo-migration.md
---

# Host upgrade and repository migration

::: tip
Are you tired of complex setup, configuration, backup and update tasks? Let us
handle this stuff for you! 🚀

The easiest and often most cost-effective way to operate Zammad is our
[cloud service](https://zammad.com/en/pricing){target=\_blank}. Give it a try
with a free trial instance!
:::

Questa pagina descrive i passaggi necessari per aggiornare l'host e passare
ai nuovi repository di pacchetti di Zammad. Se desideri aggiornare solo
Zammad, consulta la sezione [Aggiornamento di Zammad](update). Per passare
ai nuovi repository senza aggiornare l'host, salta i passaggi relativi
all'aggiornamento dell'host.

Zammad packages are being built with a new toolchain and are hosted under
another URL. The old toolchain is no longer in use, so the packages in the
old repositories no longer receive updates. This means you need to add a new
repository key and change your repository configuration.

The repository channel in the URL selects the release line: `stable`
contains the current stable release, while release lines that are out of
support have a channel of their own, for example `stable-6.5`.

::: warning
Assicurati sempre di avere un [backup](/it/tutorials/backup-restore) dei tuoi dati prima di eseguire un aggiornamento.
:::

::: warning
Zammad 6.5.5 is an emergency release that fixes a security issue. Zammad 6.5 is out of support and its packages are only
available in the `stable-6.5` channel. See [Update an out-of-support release](#update-an-out-of-support-release) below
for the steps.
:::

I seguenti sistemi operativi sono supportati:

| Distribution         | Version              |
| -------------------- | :------------------- |
| CentOS/RHEL          | 9, 10                |
| Debian               | 12 & 13              |
| OpenSUSE Leap / SLES | 15 & 16              |
| Ubuntu               | 22.04, 24.04 & 26.04 |

## Ferma Zammad

```sh
sudo systemctl stop zammad
```

## Host upgrade steps

### Disable updates for Zammad

::: tabs key:distros

\=== Ubuntu

```sh
sudo apt-mark hold zammad
```

\=== Debian

```sh
sudo apt-mark hold zammad
```

\=== OpenSUSE/SLES

```sh
sudo zypper addlock zammad
```

\=== CentOS/RHEL

```sh
sudo dnf upgrade --exclude zammad
```

:::

### Perform host upgrade

Esegui l'aggiornamento dell'host secondo la documentazione del tuo sistema
operativo.

### Reboot host

Nel caso in cui tu non abbia riavviato il sistema dopo l'aggiornamento,
assicurati di riavviarlo ora.

## Adjust package repository

### Remove old repository

Rimuovi il vecchio file di configurazione del repository o
disabilita/elimina il vecchio repository nel tuo gestore pacchetti.

::: tabs key:distros

\=== Ubuntu

Ubuntu 22.04:

```sh
sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/zammad.sources
```

Ubuntu 24.04:

```sh
sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/zammad.list
```

\=== Debian

```sh
sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/zammad.list
```

\=== OpenSUSE/SLES

```sh
sudo rm /etc/zypp/repos.d/zammad.repo
```

\=== CentOS/RHEL

```sh
sudo rm /etc/yum.repos.d/zammad.repo
```

:::

### Remove old repository key

Rimuovi la vecchia chiave del repository dal tuo sistema. A seconda del tuo
sistema operativo e versione.

::: tabs key:distros

\=== Ubuntu

```sh
sudo rm /etc/apt/keyrings/pkgr-zammad.gpg
```

\=== Debian

```sh
sudo rm /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/pkgr-zammad.gpg
```

\=== OpenSUSE/SLES

List the keys of your system:

```sh
rpm -q gpg-pubkey --qf '%{name}-%{version}-%{release} --> %{summary}\n'
```

Delete the key(s) related to Zammad (and only those!), replace `<key-name>` with the actual key ID:

```sh
sudo rpm -e <key-name>
```

\=== CentOS/RHEL

List the keys of your system:

```sh
rpm -q gpg-pubkey --qf '%{name}-%{version}-%{release} --> %{summary}\n'
```

Delete the key(s) related to Zammad (and only those!), replace `<key-name>` with the actual key ID:

```sh
sudo rpm -e <key-name>
```

:::

### Add new repository

Se la chiave del repository è diversa per la vecchia e nuova versione, la
tua distribuzione potrebbe richiedere passaggi aggiuntivi.

:::: tabs key:distros

\=== Ubuntu
Add repository key:

```sh
sudo curl -fsSL "https://go.packager.io/srv/deb/zammad/zammad/gpg-key.gpg" \
  -o /usr/share/keyrings/zammad.gpg && sudo chmod 644 /usr/share/keyrings/zammad.gpg
```

Add repository (Ubuntu 22.04):

```sh
sudo curl -fsSL "https://go.packager.io/srv/zammad/zammad/stable/installer/ubuntu/22.04.list" \
  -o /etc/apt/sources.list.d/zammad.list
```

Add repository (Ubuntu 24.04):

```sh
sudo curl -fsSL "https://go.packager.io/srv/zammad/zammad/stable/installer/ubuntu/24.04.list" \
  -o /etc/apt/sources.list.d/zammad.list
```

Add repository (Ubuntu 26.04):

```sh
sudo curl -fsSL "https://go.packager.io/srv/zammad/zammad/stable/installer/ubuntu/26.04.list" \
  -o /etc/apt/sources.list.d/zammad.list
```

\=== Debian

Add repository key:

```sh
sudo curl -fsSL "https://go.packager.io/srv/deb/zammad/zammad/gpg-key.gpg" \
  -o /usr/share/keyrings/zammad.gpg && sudo chmod 644 /usr/share/keyrings/zammad.gpg
```

Add repository (Debian 12):

```sh
sudo curl -fsSL "https://go.packager.io/srv/zammad/zammad/stable/installer/debian/12.list" \
  -o /etc/apt/sources.list.d/zammad.list
```

Add repository (Debian 13):

```sh
sudo curl -fsSL "https://go.packager.io/srv/zammad/zammad/stable/installer/debian/13.list" \
  -o /etc/apt/sources.list.d/zammad.list
```

\=== OpenSUSE/SLES

Add repository (OpenSUSE/SLES 15):

```sh
sudo curl -o /etc/zypp/repos.d/zammad.repo \
  "https://go.packager.io/srv/zammad/zammad/stable/installer/sles/15.repo"
```

Add repository (OpenSUSE/SLES 16):

```sh
sudo curl -o /etc/zypp/repos.d/zammad.repo \
  "https://go.packager.io/srv/zammad/zammad/stable/installer/sles/16.repo"
```

\===CentOS/RHEL
Add repository key:

```sh
sudo rpm --import https://go.packager.io/srv/rpm/zammad/zammad/gpg-key.asc
```

Add repository (CentOS/RHEL 9):

```sh
sudo curl -fsSL "https://go.packager.io/srv/zammad/zammad/stable/installer/el/9.repo" \
  -o /etc/yum.repos.d/zammad.repo
```

Add repository (CentOS/RHEL 10):

```sh
sudo curl -fsSL "https://go.packager.io/srv/zammad/zammad/stable/installer/el/10.repo" \
  -o /etc/yum.repos.d/zammad.repo
```

::::

### Installa Zammad

::: tabs key:distros

\=== Ubuntu

```sh
sudo apt update
```

```sh
sudo apt install zammad
```

\=== Debian

```sh
sudo apt update
```

```sh
sudo apt install zammad
```

:::

### Aggiorna Zammad

::: tip
If there is a new Zammad version available and you want to update to it, check the
[release notes](https://zammad.com/en/product/releases){target=\_blank} for any required additional steps.
:::

Riattiva gli aggiornamenti per Zammad e aggiornalo all'ultima versione
disponibile per il tuo sistema operativo.

::: tabs key:distros

\=== Ubuntu

Update package index:

```sh
sudo apt update
```

Re-enable updates for Zammad:

```sh
sudo apt-mark unhold zammad
```

Update Zammad:

```sh
sudo apt upgrade zammad
```

\=== Debian

Update package index:

```sh
sudo apt update
```

Re-enable updates for Zammad:

```sh
sudo apt-mark unhold zammad
```

Update Zammad:

```sh
sudo apt upgrade zammad
```

\=== OpenSUSE/SLES

Update package index:

```sh
sudo zypper refresh
```

Re-enable updates for Zammad:

```sh
sudo zypper removelock zammad
```

Update Zammad:

```sh
sudo zypper update zammad
```

\=== CentOS/RHEL

```sh
sudo dnf upgrade zammad
```

:::

### Avvia Zammad

```sh
sudo systemctl start zammad
```

## Update an out-of-support release

Zammad 6.5.5 is an emergency release that fixes a security issue. Zammad 6.5
has been out of support for some time and no longer receives security
updates, so updating to the current stable release is the recommended
action. Follow the steps below only if you cannot update to a supported
release right now.

Zammad builds 6.5.5 packages for Ubuntu 20.04, 22.04 and 24.04, Debian 11
and 12, CentOS/RHEL 8 and 9, and OpenSUSE Leap/SLES 15.

### Add the 6.5 repository

Remove the old repository and its key first, as described in Adjust package
repository above. Otherwise your package manager keeps reading the old
repository, which offers packages of a newer release line.

Add the new repository with the `stable-6.5` channel:

:::: tabs key:distros

\=== Ubuntu
Add repository key:

```sh
sudo curl -fsSL "https://go.packager.io/srv/deb/zammad/zammad/gpg-key.gpg" \
  -o /usr/share/keyrings/zammad.gpg && sudo chmod 644 /usr/share/keyrings/zammad.gpg
```

Add repository (Ubuntu 20.04):

```sh
sudo curl -fsSL "https://go.packager.io/srv/zammad/zammad/stable-6.5/installer/ubuntu/20.04.list" \
  -o /etc/apt/sources.list.d/zammad.list
```

Add repository (Ubuntu 22.04):

```sh
sudo curl -fsSL "https://go.packager.io/srv/zammad/zammad/stable-6.5/installer/ubuntu/22.04.list" \
  -o /etc/apt/sources.list.d/zammad.list
```

Add repository (Ubuntu 24.04):

```sh
sudo curl -fsSL "https://go.packager.io/srv/zammad/zammad/stable-6.5/installer/ubuntu/24.04.list" \
  -o /etc/apt/sources.list.d/zammad.list
```

\=== Debian

Add repository key:

```sh
sudo curl -fsSL "https://go.packager.io/srv/deb/zammad/zammad/gpg-key.gpg" \
  -o /usr/share/keyrings/zammad.gpg && sudo chmod 644 /usr/share/keyrings/zammad.gpg
```

Add repository (Debian 11):

```sh
sudo curl -fsSL "https://go.packager.io/srv/zammad/zammad/stable-6.5/installer/debian/11.list" \
  -o /etc/apt/sources.list.d/zammad.list
```

Add repository (Debian 12):

```sh
sudo curl -fsSL "https://go.packager.io/srv/zammad/zammad/stable-6.5/installer/debian/12.list" \
  -o /etc/apt/sources.list.d/zammad.list
```

\=== OpenSUSE/SLES

Add repository (OpenSUSE/SLES 15):

```sh
sudo curl -o /etc/zypp/repos.d/zammad.repo \
  "https://go.packager.io/srv/zammad/zammad/stable-6.5/installer/sles/15.repo"
```

\=== CentOS/RHEL

Add repository key:

```sh
sudo rpm --import https://go.packager.io/srv/rpm/zammad/zammad/gpg-key.asc
```

Add repository (CentOS/RHEL 8):

```sh
sudo curl -fsSL "https://go.packager.io/srv/zammad/zammad/stable-6.5/installer/el/8.repo" \
  -o /etc/yum.repos.d/zammad.repo
```

Add repository (CentOS/RHEL 9):

```sh
sudo curl -fsSL "https://go.packager.io/srv/zammad/zammad/stable-6.5/installer/el/9.repo" \
  -o /etc/yum.repos.d/zammad.repo
```

::::

### Update Zammad to 6.5.5

Stop Zammad:

```sh
sudo systemctl stop zammad
```

:::: tabs key:distros

\=== Ubuntu

Update package index:

```sh
sudo apt update
```

Re-enable updates for Zammad:

```sh
sudo apt-mark unhold zammad
```

Update Zammad:

```sh
sudo apt upgrade zammad
```

\=== Debian

Update package index:

```sh
sudo apt update
```

Re-enable updates for Zammad:

```sh
sudo apt-mark unhold zammad
```

Update Zammad:

```sh
sudo apt upgrade zammad
```

\=== OpenSUSE/SLES

Update package index:

```sh
sudo zypper refresh
```

Re-enable updates for Zammad:

```sh
sudo zypper removelock zammad
```

Update Zammad:

```sh
sudo zypper update zammad
```

\=== CentOS/RHEL

```sh
sudo dnf upgrade zammad
```

::::

Start Zammad:

```sh
sudo systemctl start zammad
```